Solar power generation is divided into photothermal power generation and photovoltaic power generation. Regardless of production and sales, development speed and development prospects, solar thermal power generation cannot keep up with photovoltaic power generation. It is possible that due to the widespread popularity of photovoltaic power generation, there is less contact with solar thermal power generation. Usually, solar power generation often refers to solar photovoltaic power generation.
Solar photovoltaic power generation is based on the principle of photovoltaic effect, using solar cells to directly convert sunlight energy into electrical energy. Regardless of whether it is used independently or connected to the grid, the photovoltaic power generation system is mainly composed of three major parts: solar panels (components), controllers and inverters. They are mainly composed of electronic components, but do not involve mechanical parts.
Solar photovoltaic power generation can be divided into independent photovoltaic power generation, grid-connected photovoltaic power generation and distributed photovoltaic power generation according to the transmission mode.
Independent photovoltaic power generation
Independent photovoltaic power generation system is also called off-grid photovoltaic power generation system. It is mainly composed of solar cell components, controllers, and batteries. To supply power to the AC load, an AC inverter needs to be configured.
Grid-connected photovoltaic power generation
The grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system is that the direct current generated by the solar module is converted into the alternating current that meets the requirements of the mains grid through the grid-connected inverter and then directly connected to the public grid. The grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system has centralized large-scale grid-connected photovoltaic power stations, which are generally national-level power stations. However, this kind of power station has a large investment, a long construction period, a large area, and is relatively difficult to develop. The decentralized small grid-connected photovoltaic system, especially the photovoltaic building-integrated power generation system, is the mainstream of grid-connected photovoltaic power generation due to its advantages of small investment, fast construction, small footprint, and strong policy support.
Distributed photovoltaic power generation
Distributed photovoltaic power generation system, also known as distributed power generation or distributed energy supply, refers to the configuration of smaller photovoltaic power supply systems at the user site or close to the power site to meet the needs of specific users and support the economy of the existing distribution network. operation, or both.
The basic equipment of the distributed photovoltaic power generation system includes photovoltaic cell components, photovoltaic square array supports, DC combiner boxes, DC power distribution cabinets, grid-connected inverters, AC power distribution cabinets and other equipment, as well as power supply system monitoring devices and environmental monitoring devices device. Its operation mode is that under the condition of solar radiation, the solar cell module array of the photovoltaic power generation system converts the output electric energy from solar energy, and sends it to the DC power distribution cabinet through the DC combiner box, and the grid-connected inverter converts it into AC power supply. The building itself loads, excess or insufficient electricity is regulated by connecting to the grid.