During the whole life cycle of photovoltaic power station operation, the blockage of modules caused by large particles of dust, bird droppings, leaves, etc. cannot be avoided. The partial shadows caused by the blockage will not only reduce the power generation of the modules, but also increase the local temperature of the modules, resulting in a hot spot effect. . The generation of hot spots will not only affect the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic system, but also cause permanent damage to the photovoltaic modules, bringing fire hazards to the power station. According to statistics, severe hot spot effect will reduce the actual service life of solar cell modules by at least 30%.
In order to avoid the hot spot effect, a junction box with a bypass diode is installed in the conventional module to reduce the influence of the hot spot. When a hot spot occurs, the diode in the junction box is activated to shield the string containing the problematic cells, which wastes the output power of the module while avoiding the hot spot.